Poetry is a form of literary art that uses the aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language, such as sound, rhythm and imagery, to evoke meaning beyond or instead of a work's literal, surface-level sense; a single instance is called a poem, composed by a poet. Poets deploy devices including metre, rhyme, assonance, alliteration and figures of speech such as metaphor and simile to create musical effects and layered meaning, organizing them into structures that range from strict traditional forms to loose or invented patterns. The genre's history reaches back to prehistoric oral and court poetry across Africa, the Fertile Crescent and the Eurasian continent, including the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh, the Chinese Shijing, the Sanskrit Rigveda and the Homeric epics, with Aristotle's Poetics among the earliest attempts to theorize its methods. Traditions vary widely by language and culture, from the regular rhyme and metre familiar from Dante, Goethe or Rumi to the alliterative and non-metrical rhythmic systems of Biblical poetry and Somali oral verse, and much modern poetry has tested or abandoned these conventions altogether.
Facts
Place of OriginThe oldest surviving epic poem, the Epic of Gilgamesh, was composed in Sumer, in Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq), in the 3rd millennium BCE, among the earliest evidence of poetry as a written form. 1 Notable ExampleVirgil's Aeneid, the Roman national epic composed in verse between 29 and 19 BCE, is among the ancient epic poems that carried the form across cultures. 1 Defining TraitPoets shape language through devices such as assonance, alliteration, rhythm and rhyme schemes, organized into poetic structures that can be strict or invented, to produce musical or other artistic effects beyond a work's literal meaning. 1 Poetry
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FAQs
Is the speaker of a poem the same person as the poet?
The speaker is the poem's voice and may differ from the poet.
Not necessarily. The speaker of a poem is the voice of the poem, similar to a narrator in fiction, and the poet might not necessarily be the speaker. Sometimes the poet writes from a different perspective, or uses the voice of a specific person, as in a persona poem.
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Poets use a variety of techniques called poetic devices, such as assonance, alliteration, consonance, euphony and cacophony, onomatopoeia, rhythm (via metre), rhyme schemes (patterns in the type and placement of a phoneme group) and sound symbolism, to produce musical or other artistic effects.
History, Early works section (Aeneid)
the Roman national epic, Virgil's Aeneid (written between 29 and 19 BCE)
History, Early works section (Epic of Gilgamesh)
The oldest surviving epic poem, the Epic of Gilgamesh, dates from the 3rd millennium BCE in Sumer (in Mesopotamia, present-day Iraq)
In Group: Broad Poetic Kinds and Classical Modes, Lead
Poetry (from the Greek word poiesis, "making") is a form of literary art that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, literal or surface-level meanings.
View the Source Matsuo Bashō (Wikipedia)
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was the most famous Japanese poet of the Edo period
View the Source Wikipedia: Langston Hughes
WikipediaFeatures Author: Langston Hughes, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Author: Langston Hughes, Lead paragraph
was an American poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist
View the Source Wikipedia: Jack Kerouac
WikipediaFeatures Author: Jack Kerouac, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Author: Jack Kerouac, Lead paragraph
was an American novelist and poet
View the Source Wikipedia: Allen Ginsberg
WikipediaFeatures Author: Allen Ginsberg, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Author: Allen Ginsberg, Lead paragraph
was an American poet and writer
View the Source Wikipedia: Rumi
Wikimedia Foundation (Wikipedia)Features Author: Rumi, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Author: Rumi, Lead paragraph
was a Sufi mystic, poet, and founder of the Islamic brotherhood
View the Source Federico Garcia Lorca (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationFeatures Author: Federico García Lorca, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Author: Federico García Lorca, Lead paragraph
was a Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director
View the Source Adam Mickiewicz (Wikipedia)
WikipediaFeatures Author: Adam Mickiewicz, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Author: Adam Mickiewicz, Lead paragraph
was a Polish poet, dramatist, essayist, publicist, translator and political activist
View the Source Nguyen Du, Wikipedia
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was a poet and scholar-official, widely acclaimed as one of the most important writers of Vietnamese literature
View the Source Ahmet Hamdi Tanpinar, Wikipedia
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was a Turkish poet, novelist, literary scholar and essayist
View the Source Ayi Kwei Armah, Wikipedia
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He is also an essayist, as well as having written poetry, short stories, and books for children.
View the Source Wikipedia: Günter Grass
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was a German novelist, poet, playwright, illustrator, graphic artist, sculptor
View the Source Wikipedia: Octavio Paz
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was a Mexican philosopher, poet, and diplomat
View the Source Wikipedia: Halldór Laxness
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He wrote novels, poetry, newspaper articles, essays, plays, travelogues and short stories.
View the Source Wikipedia: Somadeva
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He was a Shaivite Brahmin scholar and a court poet
View the Source Renga (Wikipedia)
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is a genre of Japanese collaborative poetry in which alternating stanzas
View the Source Cinquain (Wikipedia)
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is a class of poetic forms that employ a 5-line pattern
View the Source Chu Ci (Wikipedia)
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Genre: Poetry
View the Source Kural (Wikipedia)
Features Author: Tirukkural, Infobox, genre fieldQuote, Features Author: Tirukkural, Infobox, genre field
Genre: Poetry
View the Source Wikipedia: Sonnets to Orpheus
WikipediaFeatures Author: Sonnets to Orpheus, Infobox, genre fieldQuote, Features Author: Sonnets to Orpheus, Infobox, genre field
Genre: Poetry
View the Source Wikipedia: Alexander Pope
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Genre: Poetry, satire, translation
View the Source Fernando Pessoa (Wikipedia)
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Genre: Poetry, essay, fiction
View the Source Wikipedia: Knut Hamsun
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Genre: Novel, short story, play, poetry, travelogue, non-fiction
View the Source Wikipedia: Giannina Braschi
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Genre: poetry, theater, novel, political philosophy
View the Source Wikipedia: Ihara Saikaku
Features Author: Ihara Saikaku, Infobox, genre fieldQuote, Features Author: Ihara Saikaku, Infobox, genre field
Genre: Poetry, Fiction
View the Source Wikipedia: Qiu Xiaolong
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Genre: Crime, poetry, translation
View the Source Wikipedia: Ursula K. Le Guin
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Genre:
View the Source Wikipedia: Walter Scott
Features Author: Walter Scott, Infobox, genre fieldQuote, Features Author: Walter Scott, Infobox, genre field
Genre: Novel, poetry
View the Source Julio Cortázar (Wikipedia)
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Short story, poetry, novel
View the Source Wikipedia: Charlotte Brontë
Features Author: Charlotte Brontë, Infobox: genreQuote, Features Author: Charlotte Brontë, Infobox: genre
Fiction, poetry
View the Source Thomas Wyatt (poet) (Wikipedia)
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Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503-11 October 1542) was a 16th-century English politician, ambassador, and lyric poet credited with introducing the sonnet to English literature.
View the Source Wikipedia: Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
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Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1516/1517-19 January 1547), was an English nobleman, politician and poet.
View the Source Léopold Sédar Senghor (Wikipedia)
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Léopold Sédar Senghor ( song-GOR, French: [leɔpɔl sedaʁ sɑ̃ɡɔʁ], Wolof: Léwopóol Sedaar Seŋoor; 9 October 1906-20 December 2001) was a Senegalese politician, cultural theorist and poet who served as the first president of Senegal from 1960 to 1980.
View the Source Aimé Césaire (Wikipedia)
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Aimé Fernand David Césaire (; French: [ɛme fɛʁnɑ̃ david sezɛʁ]; 26 June 1913-17 April 2008) was an Afro-Martinican poet, author, and politician.
View the Source Wikipedia: Léon Damas
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Léon-Gontran Damas (March 28, 1912, January 22, 1978) was a French poet and politician.
View the Source Georg Trakl (Wikipedia)
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Georg Trakl (Austrian German: [ˈtraːkl̩]; 3 February 1887-3 November 1914) was an Austrian poet and the brother of the pianist Grete Trakl.
View the Source Wikipedia: Rabindranath Tagore
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Rabindranath Tagore (Bengali: [ˈrobind̪ɾonat̪ʰ ˈʈʰakuɾ] ; 7 May 1861-7 August 1941) was a Bengali poet, author, playwright, musician, composer, philosopher, social reformer, painter, and one of the foremost figures of the Bengal Renaissance.
View the Source Wikipedia: Hans Christian Andersen
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A prolific writer of plays, travelogues, novels, and poems, he is also best remembered for his literary fairy tales.
View the Source Wikipedia: Maya Angelou
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Maya Angelou ( AN-jə-loh; born Marguerite Annie Johnson; April 4, 1928, May 28, 2014) was an American memoirist, essayist, poet, and civil rights activist.
View the Source Wikipedia: Alexander Pushkin
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Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (6 June [O.S. 26 May] 1799-10 February [O.S. 29 January] 1837) was a Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic era.
View the Source John Milton (Wikipedia)
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John Milton (9 December 1608-8 November 1674) was an English poet, polemicist, and civil servant.
View the Source Rainer Maria Rilke (Wikipedia)
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René Karl Wilhelm Johann Josef Maria Rilke (4 December 1875-29 December 1926), known as Rainer Maria Rilke, was an Austrian poet.
View the Source Friedrich Schiller (Wikipedia)
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Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller (German: [ˈjoːhan ˈkʁɪstɔf ˈfʁiːdʁɪç fɔn ˈʃɪlɐ], short: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈʃɪlɐ] ; 10 November 1759-9 May 1805) was a German playwright, poet, philosopher and historian.
View the Source Omar Khayyam (Wikipedia)
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Omar Khayyam (1048-1131) was a Persian poet and polymath, known for his contributions to mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, and Persian literature.
View the Source Boris Pasternak (Wikipedia)
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Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (10 February [O.S. 29 January] 1890-30 May 1960) was a Russian and Soviet poet, novelist, and literary translator.
View the Source Classic of Poetry (Wikipedia)
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The Classic of Poetry, also Shijing or Shih-ching, translated variously as the Book of Songs, Book of Odes, or simply known as the Odes or Poetry (詩; Shī), is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, comprising 305 works dating from the 11th to 7th centuries BC.
View the Source Complete Tang Poems (Wikipedia)
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Complete Tang Poems (or Quan Tangshi) is the largest collection of Tang poetry, containing some 49,000 poems by more than 2200 poets.
View the Source Beowulf (Wikipedia)
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Beowulf ( ; Old English: Bēowulf [ˈbeːo.wuɫf]) is an Old English poem, an epic in the tradition of Germanic heroic legend consisting of 3,182 alliterative lines, contained in the Nowell Codex.
View the Source Nibelungenlied (Wikipedia)
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The Nibelungenlied (German pronunciation: [ˈniːbəlʊŋən-], [ˈnɪbəlʊŋən-] or [ˌniːbəˈlʊŋənˌliːt] ; Middle High German: Der Nibelunge liet or Der Nibelunge nôt), translated as The Song of the Nibelungs, is an epic poem written around 1200 in Middle High German.
View the Source Wikipedia: The Conference of the Birds
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The Conference of the Birds or Speech of the Birds (Arabic: منطق الطير, Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr, also known as مقامات الطیور Maqāmāt-uṭ-Ṭuyūr; 1177) is a Persian poem, in the mathnawi form, by Iranian Sufi poet Farid ud-Din Attar, commonly known as Attar of Nishapur.
View the Source Attar of Nishapur, Wikipedia
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Faridoddin Abu Hamed Mohammad Attar Nishapuri (Persian: فریدالدین ابوحامد محمد عطار نیشابوری; c. 1145, c. 1221), better known by his pen-names Faridoddin (فریدالدین) and Attar of Nishapur (عطار نیشاپوری), or simply Attar (meaning apothecary), was an Iranian poet, theoretician of Sufism, and hagiographer from Nishapur who had an immense and lasting influence on Persian poetry, on poet Rumi, and on Sufism.
View the Source Shmuel Yosef Agnon (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation (Wikipedia)Features Author: Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Lead sectionQuote, Features Author: Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Lead section
Shmuel Yosef Agnon (Hebrew: שמואל יוסף עגנון \ שְׁמוּאֵל יוֹסֵף עַגְנוֹן shmuél yoséf agnón; August 8, 1887, February 17, 1970) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Israeli novelist, poet, and short-story writer.
View the Source Wikipedia: Lu Xun
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A leading figure of modern Chinese literature, he wrote in both vernacular and literary Chinese as a novelist, literary critic, essayist, poet, translator and political commentator, known for his sharp, satirical style and critical reflections on Chinese history and culture.
View the Source Thiruvalluvar (Wikipedia)
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Thiruvalluvar (commonly known as Valluvar) was an Indian Tamil poet and philosopher.
View the Source Wikipedia: Alessandro Manzoni
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Alessandro Francesco Tommaso Antonio Manzoni (UK: , US: , Italian: [alesˈsandro manˈdzoːni]; 7 March 1785-22 May 1873) was an Italian philosopher, poet, playwright, and novelist.
View the Source Wikipedia: The Waste Land
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The Waste Land is a poem by T.
View the Source Wikipedia: Ramayana
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The Ramayana (; Sanskrit: रामायणम्, romanized: Rāmāyaṇam), also known as the Valmiki Ramayana, as traditionally attributed to Valmiki, is a Hindu smriti epic poem (also described as a Sanskrit epic) from ancient India.
View the Source Wikipedia: Cantar de mio Cid
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El Cantar de mio Cid, or El Poema de mio Cid ("The Song of My Cid"; "The Poem of My Cid"), is an anonymous 12th-century cantar de gesta and the oldest preserved Castilian epic poem.
View the Source Wikipedia: Georgics
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The Georgics ( JOR-jiks; Latin: Georgica [ɡeˈoːrɡɪka]) is a poem by Latin poet Virgil, likely published in 29 BCE.
View the Source Wikipedia: Man'yoshu
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The Man'yōshū (万葉集, literally "Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves") is the oldest extant collection of Japanese waka (poetry in Classical Japanese), compiled sometime after AD 759 during the Nara period.
View the Source Epic of Sundiata (Wikipedia)
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The Epic of Sundiata (; Manding languages: ߛߏ߲߬ߖߘߊ߬ Sònjàdà, also referred to as Sundiata or Son-Jara; Arabic: ملحمة سوندياتا; French: L'épopée de Soundjata) is an epic poem of the Malinke people that tells the story of Sundiata Keita, the founder of the Mali Empire in West Africa, who ruled from 1235 C.E. until his death in 1255 C.E.
View the Source Wikipedia: Aldous Huxley
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His bibliography spans nearly 50 books, including non-fiction works, as well as essays, narratives and poems.
View the Source Wikipedia: Cao Xueqin
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Cao Xueqin ([tsʰǎʊ ɕɥètɕʰǐn] tsow sh'weh-chin; 4 April 1710-10 June 1765) was a Chinese novelist and poet during the Qing dynasty.
View the Source Wikipedia: Christine de Pizan
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Christine de Pizan or Pisan (French: [kʁistin də pizɑ̃] , Middle French: [krisˈtinə də piˈzã]; born Cristina da Pizzano; September 1364, c. 1430), was an Italian-born court writer for King Charles VI of France and several French royal dukes, in both prose and poetry.
View the Source Wikipedia: Emily Brontë
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She also co-authored a book of poetry with her sisters Charlotte and Anne entitled Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell.
View the Source Wikipedia: Feng Menglong
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Feng Menglong (1574-1646), courtesy names Youlong (猶龍), Gongyu (公魚), Ziyou (子猶), or Eryou (耳猶), was a Chinese historian, novelist, and poet of the late Ming Dynasty.
View the Source Wikipedia: Ferenc Molnár
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Ferenc Molnár (US: FERR-ents MOHL-nar, -ənts -, - MAWL-, Hungarian: [ˈfɛrɛnt͡s ˈmolnaːr]; born Ferenc Neumann; January 12, 1878, April 1, 1952), often anglicized as Franz Molnar, was a Hungarian-born author, stage director, dramatist, and poet.
View the Source Wikipedia: Francisco de Quevedo
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Along with his lifelong rival Luis de Góngora, Quevedo was one of the most prominent Spanish poets of the age.
View the Source Wikipedia: Georg Büchner
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Karl Georg Büchner (17 October 1813-19 February 1837) was a German dramatist and writer of poetry and prose, considered part of the Young Germany movement.
View the Source Wikipedia: George Eliot
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Mary Ann Evans (22 November 1819-22 December 1880; alternatively Mary Anne or Marian), known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator, and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era.
View the Source Wikipedia: Jules Verne
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Jules Gabriel Verne ( VURN; French: [ʒyl ɡabʁijɛl vɛʁn]; 8 February 1828-24 March 1905) was a French novelist, poet, and playwright.
View the Source Wikipedia: Lope de Vega
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Félix Lope de Vega y Carpio (; 25 November 1562-27 August 1635) was a Spanish playwright, poet, and novelist who was a key figure in the Spanish Golden Age (1492-1659) of Baroque literature.
View the Source Wikipedia: Magda Szabó
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Doctor of philology, she also wrote dramas, essays, studies, memoirs, poetry and children's literature.
View the Source Wikipedia: Michel Houellebecq
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Michel Houellebecq (French pronunciation: [miʃɛl wɛlbɛk]; born Michel Thomas on 26 February 1956) is a French author of novels, poems, and essays, as well as an occasional actor, filmmaker, and singer.
View the Source Wikipedia: Pedro Calderón de la Barca
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Pedro Calderón de la Barca y Henao (UK: , US: ; Spanish: [ˈpeðɾo kaldeˈɾon de la ˈβaɾka]; 17 January 1600-25 May 1681) was a Spanish dramatist, poet, and writer.
View the Source Wikipedia: Qu Yuan
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Qu Yuan (c. 340 BC, 278 BC) was a Chinese poet and political figure of the State of Chu during the Warring States period.
View the Source Wikipedia: Robert Graves
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Robert Ranke Graves (24 July 1895-7 December 1985), whose second name is sometimes given as von Ranke, was an English poet, novelist and critic.
View the Source Wikipedia: Song Yu
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Song Yu (Chinese: 宋玉; Wade-Giles: Sung Yü; fl. 298-263 BC) was a Chinese poet from the late Warring States period, and is known as the traditional author of a number of poems in the Verses of Chu (Chu ci).
View the Source Wikipedia: T. S. Eliot
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Thomas Stearns Eliot (26 September 1888-4 January 1965) was a poet, essayist and playwright.
View the Source Wikipedia: Wu Cheng'en
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Wu Cheng'en (traditional Chinese: 吳承恩; simplified Chinese: 吴承恩; pinyin: Wú Chéng'ēn; Wade-Giles: Wu2 Ch‘êng2-ên1; Jyutping: Ng4 Sing4 Jan1, c. 1500-1582 or 1505-1580), courtesy name Ruzhong (汝忠), was a Chinese novelist, poet, and politician during the Ming dynasty.
View the Source Wikipedia: Ben Okri
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Sir Ben Golden Emuobowho Okri (born 15 March 1959) is a Nigerian-born British poet and novelist.
View the Source Wikipedia: E. Nesbit
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Edith Nesbit (married name Edith Bland; 15 August 1858-4 May 1924) was an English writer and poet, who published her books for children and others as E.
View the Source Wikipedia: James Joyce
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James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (born James Augusta Joyce; 2 February 1882-13 January 1941) was an Irish novelist, poet, and literary critic.
View the Source Wikipedia: A. A. Milne
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Alan Alexander Milne ( ; 18 January 1882-31 January 1956) was an English writer best known for his books about the teddy bear Winnie-the-Pooh, as well as children's poetry.
View the Source Gulistan (book) (Wikipedia)
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The Gulistan is a collection of poems and stories.
View the Source Wikipedia: Song of Roland
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It is an epic poem written in Old French and is the first example of the chanson de geste, a literary form that flourished between the 11th and 16th centuries in Medieval Europe and celebrated legendary deeds.
View the Source Wikipedia: Layla and Majnun
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It is a popular poem praising their love story.
View the Source Wikipedia: Henry David Thoreau
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Henry David Thoreau (born David Henry Thoreau; July 12, 1817, May 6, 1862) was an American naturalist, essayist, poet, and philosopher.
View the Source Wikipedia: Walt Whitman
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Walter Whitman Jr. (; May 31, 1819, March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist, and journalist; he also wrote two novels.
View the Source Wikipedia: Charles Baudelaire
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Charles-Pierre Baudelaire (UK: ; US: ; French: [ʃaʁl(ə) bodlɛʁ] ; 9 April 1821-31 August 1867) was a French poet, essayist, translator and art critic.
View the Source Ezra Pound (Wikipedia)
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Ezra Weston Loomis Pound (30 October 1885-1 November 1972) was an American poet and critic, a major figure in the early modernist poetry movement, and a collaborator in Fascist Italy and the Salò Republic during World War II.
View the Source Wikipedia: George Orwell
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Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 - 21 January 1950) was an English novelist, poet, essayist, journalist, and critic who wrote under the pen name of George Orwell.
View the Source Wikipedia: Victor Hugo
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Victor-Marie Hugo, vicomte Hugo (French: [viktɔʁ maʁi yɡo] ; 26 February 1802-22 May 1885) was a French Romantic author, poet, essayist, playwright, journalist, human rights activist and politician.
View the Source Wikipedia: Vladimir Nabokov
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Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (Russian: Влади́мир Влади́мирович Набо́ков [vlɐˈdʲimʲɪr vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvʲɪtɕ nɐˈbokəf] ; 22 April [O.S. 10 April] 1899 - 2 July 1977), also known by the pen name Vladimir Sirin (Владимир Сирин), was a Russian and American novelist, poet, translator, and entomologist.
View the Source Wikipedia: James Baldwin
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James Arthur Baldwin (né Jones; August 2, 1924, December 1, 1987) was an American writer and civil rights activist who garnered acclaim for his essays, novels, plays, and poems.
View the Source Wikipedia: Jorge Luis Borges
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Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luis Borges ( BOR-hess; Spanish: [ˈxoɾxe ˈlwis ˈboɾxes] ; 24 August 1899-14 June 1986) was an Argentine short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator regarded as a key figure in Spanish-language and international literature.
View the Source Wikipedia: Emily Dickinson
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Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (December 10, 1830 - May 15, 1886) was an American poet.
View the Source Wikipedia: Hermann Hesse
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Hermann Karl Hesse (German: [ˈhɛʁman ˈhɛsə] ; 2 July 1877 - 9 August 1962) was a German-Swiss poet and novelist, and winner of the 1946 Nobel Prize in Literature.
View the Source Bertolt Brecht (Wikipedia)
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Eugen Berthold Friedrich Brecht (10 February 1898-14 August 1956), known as Bertolt Brecht and Bert Brecht, was a German theatre practitioner, playwright, and poet.
View the Source Pablo Neruda (Wikipedia)
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Pablo Neruda ( nə-ROO-də; Spanish: [ˈpaβlo neˈɾuða] ; born Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto; 12 July 1904 - 23 September 1973) was a Chilean poet-diplomat and politician who won the 1971 Nobel Prize in Literature.
View the Source Heinrich Heine (Wikipedia)
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Christian Johann Heinrich Heine (born Harry Heine; 13 December 1797 - 17 February 1856) was a German poet, writer and literary critic.
View the Source Elias Lonnrot, Wikipedia
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Elias Lönnrot (Finnish: [ˈeliɑs ˈlønruːt]; 9 April 1802 - 19 March 1884) was a Finnish polymath, physician, philosopher, poet, musician, linguist, journalist, philologist and collector of traditional Finnish oral poetry.
View the Source Wikipedia: Machado de Assis
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Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis (Portuguese: [ʒwɐˈkĩ maˈɾiɐ maˈʃadu d͡ʒ(i) aˈsis]), sometimes called Bruxo do Cosme Velho (21 June 1839-29 September 1908), was a pioneer Brazilian novelist, poet, playwright and short story writer, widely regarded as the greatest writer of Brazilian literature.
View the Source Wikipedia: Cesare Pavese
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Cesare Pavese (UK: pav-AY-zay, -zee, Italian: [ˈtʃeːzare paˈveːze, ˈtʃɛː-, -eːse]; 9 September 1908-27 August 1950) was an Italian novelist, poet, short story writer, translator, literary critic, and essayist.
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