Literature Atlas

How Stories Are Told
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The Novella

Also Known As short novel

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The novella is a work of prose fiction longer than a short story and shorter than a novel, conventionally reckoned at roughly seventeen thousand to forty thousand words, built around a single incident, character or turning point rather than the multiple subplots a novel's length affords. The Cambridge History of the English Short Story situates the novella explicitly between the novel and the story, its own hybrid territory rather than a mere length category.

Since Judith Leibowitz's 1970 dissertation, published in 1974 as Narrative Purpose in the Novella, some scholars argue the novella is not simply a length category but a generically distinct form of its own; see the recorded dissent on this fact.
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The Novella's Own Defense

This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.

Judith Leibowitz spent her 1970 dissertation, later published as Narrative Purpose in the Novella, arguing with a shelf of critics who had already decided the question did not need arguing. A novella, on the ordinary account, is just a short novel, a matter of word count, seventeen thousand words at one end and forty thousand at the other, with nothing more at stake than where an editor draws the line. Leibowitz thought the ordinary account missed the point. She read her way through a century of novellas and found the same device recurring book after book: a single image or pattern, repeated until it does two things at once, compresses the story down to its essential shape and expands what that shape means. A short story does not have room for the repetition to build. A novel has so much room the device dissolves into everything else happening around it. Only the novella's particular length lets the device do both jobs, which is why Leibowitz called it the form's own structural principle rather than an accident of size. The Cambridge History of the English Short Story keeps the argument alive just by choosing its chapter title, The Novella, Between the Novel and the Story, as if the form's whole identity were a location on someone else's map rather than a country of its own. Albert Camus's The Stranger, thirty-six thousand words built almost entirely around one act on one beach, is exactly the kind of book the argument was written for.

Cross-Tradition Connections

Associated With

The Stranger, Works

At roughly 36,000 words and 159 printed pages, The Stranger is conventionally classified as a novella rather than a full novel.

Source Wikipedia

Form Of Genre

The Novel, Genres
Sources
The Cambridge History of the English Short Story
Chapter 31, The Novella: Between the Novel and the Story
Wikipedia
WikipediaAssociated With: The Stranger, The Stranger (Camus novel)
Quote, Associated With: The Stranger, The Stranger (Camus novel)
The Stranger... is a 1942 novella written by French author Albert Camus.
Dissenting Readings (1 dissenting reading)
Description

The prevailing account treats the novella as a length category, a short novel sitting between the short story and the novel. In Narrative Purpose in the Novella (1974), Judith Leibowitz argues this understates the form: the novella works through its own structural principle, a double effect of intensity and expansion in which a repeated pattern or symbol both compresses and enlarges the narrative's meaning, a use the same device does not carry in the short story or the novel. On this reading the novella is not a shorter novel but a generically distinct form in its own right, a different account of what the novella is, not a rejection that novellas exist or that length distinguishes them from novels.

A dissenting reading, from Judith LeibowitzJudith Leibowitz, Narrative Purpose in the Novella (1974)
Frequently Asked Questions

Is a novella just a short novel?

Length is the ordinary answer; some scholars, most influentially Judith Leibowitz, argue the novella works through its own structural principle instead.

By the ordinary, length-based account, a novella is simply a work of prose fiction longer than a short story and shorter than a novel, conventionally seventeen thousand to forty thousand words. Judith Leibowitz's 1970 dissertation, published in 1974 as Narrative Purpose in the Novella, dissents: she argues the form works through a double effect of intensity and expansion, a repeated pattern or symbol that compresses the story down to its essential shape while enlarging what that shape means, a use the same device does not carry in the short story or the novel. On her reading, length is a symptom of the novella's structure, not its definition. The Literature Atlas records this as a documented dissent rather than settling the question either way.

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