Adam Mickiewicz was a Polish poet, dramatist, essayist and political activist, born in 1798 and died in 1855, regarded as Poland's national poet and counted among the country's "Three Bards." He is known chiefly for the poetic drama Dziady (Forefathers' Eve) and for the national epic poem Pan Tadeusz, works written partly in exile after Poland had been partitioned among Russia, Prussia and Austria, and which helped inspire later uprisings against those imperial powers. Widely regarded as Poland's greatest poet, Mickiewicz spent much of his later life abroad, teaching Slavic literature in Paris and engaging in political activity on behalf of Polish independence, and he remains a central figure of Polish Romanticism and national identity.
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Why did Adam Mickiewicz spend most of his life outside his homeland?
He was banished to central Russia in 1824 for his part in a secret student society, left the Russian Empire in 1829 and lived abroad for the rest of his life.
Mickiewicz was arrested in the early 1820s over his membership in the Philomaths, a secret student society at the university in Vilnius, and in 1824 he was banished to central Russia. He spent about five years there, mostly in Saint Petersburg and Moscow. In 1829 he managed to leave the Russian Empire and never lived in his homeland again. He settled first in Rome and then in Paris, where for a little over three years he lectured on Slavic literature at the Collège de France.
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Source Adam Mickiewicz (Wikipedia)tier 2
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1. Adam Mickiewicz (Wikipedia)
WikipediaLife section, Early years, opening sentence
Adam Mickiewicz was born on 24 December 1798, either at his paternal uncle's estate in Zavosse (Polish: Zaosie) near Navahrudak (Polish: Nowogródek) or in Navahrudak itself in what was then part of the Russian Empire and is now Belarus.
Life section, account of his final illness in Constantinople
He returned ill from a trip to a military camp to his apartment on Yenişehir Street in the Pera (now Beyoğlu) district of Constantinople and died on 26 November 1855.
Original language statement
Adam Mickiewicz was a Polish poet, dramatist, essayist and political activist, born in 1798 and died in 1855, regarded as Poland's national poet and counted among the country's "Three Bards." He is known chiefly for the poetic drama Dziady (Forefathers' Eve) and for the national epic poem Pan Tadeusz, works written partly in exile after Poland had been partitioned among Russia, Prussia and Austria, and which helped inspire later uprisings against those imperial powers.
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