This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.
Haikai no renga began as the vulgar cousin nobody in aristocratic court poetry wanted to claim, a sixteenth-century offshoot of formal renga that leaned into puns, coarse humor and everyday subject matter the older tradition considered beneath verse. Matsuo Basho, writing in the seventeenth century, is the poet most responsible for making the coarse form respectable without making it polite, keeping its wit and its ordinary-life subject matter while raising its craft to a level the old aristocratic renga poets would have had to recognize as serious. The opening stanza of a renga sequence, the hokku, carried special weight even in the linked form, since it had to stand on its own before any response existed to build from. Basho and the poets around him increasingly composed and circulated hokku independent of any full sequence at all, and that independence, not a formal break announced by anyone, is what eventually let the opening stanza walk away from the chain behind it and become haiku.